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# ISIS RESURGENCE REACHING NEW LEVELS

Daesh continue attacking SDF checkpoints in eastern Deir Ezzor in the context of a worrying resurgence of their activities, passing from isolated strikes to coordinated operations. The partial withdrawal of US forces from NES with the evacuation of some bases located in Deir Ez Zor coincides with the increase of ISIS activities and puts a heavy burden on the shoulders of SDF. Many jihadist groups previously located in Idlib are disappointed with the direction of HTS. This disappointment creates a fertile ground for ISIS recruiters, already calling for their former members to rejoin their ranks, inviting also SNA groups to pledge allegiance to the Islamic state. Forces of the General Security Services (GSS) also carried out operations against ISIS cells in Aleppo after new attacks against GSS checkpoints in Deir Ezzor.

# ATTACK ON RUSSIAN AIR BASE

"Burkan al Furat” claimed the attack on Russian forces at Hmeimim air base that killed two Russian soldiers. They published a statement giving the Russians one month to leave Syria before they attack again. The Islamist group also announced that two of its fighters were killed, including ex-Hayat Tahrir al Sham (HTS) military trainer Abu Jihad Masri. The syrian transitional goverment declared that they acted without approval from the Central Security Services.

# TENSIONS IN SUWEYDA CONTINUE

Armed attacks and confrontations continue escalating amid the challenges faced by the transitional government and Druze forces in maintaining security in Suwayda Province. Local armed groups have engaged in repeated incidents of theft and other various criminal activities in Suwayda in recent days. A leader of "Men of Dignity" complained that the government has not provided local police institutions with any logistical support or equipment since the May 1 agreement. A new Druze faction known as the “National Guard Forces” recently formed in Suwayda Province, likely due to continued distrust between some Druze and local Sunni communities and the government's continued security challenges.

# RENEWED TENSIONS BETWEEN SDF AND SNA AT TISHREEN DAM

SDF and SNA factions are advancing towards each other west of Tishreen Dam, in the Manbij countryside. Some clashes recently took place there, and it is not clear if Damascus sanctioned the SNA’s recent activity near Tishreen Dam or if they continue to act independently. The existence of SNA-dominated army units that do not answer to Damascus risks discouraging Kurdish militants from integrating into the state due to the SNA’s historic abuses against the Kurdish population.

# DAMASCUS DELEGATION IN AL-HOL

A delegation from the Syrian transitional government visited Hol Camp to discuss the conditions of Syrian residents. The delegation included representatives from the ministries of Interior and Foreign Affairs, the intelligence services, as well as officials responsible for counterterrorism efforts within the Syrian transitional government, accompanied by representatives of the U.S.-led Global Coalition.
The delegation held a meeting with representatives of the DAANES and the camp’s administration, discussing the potential return of Syrian residents in the camp to their home areas and villages.

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Auflösung der PKK: Der lange Abschied vom Avantgardismus

Die offizielle Ankündigung der Auflösung der PKK hat bei den #Kurden in der Türkei und ihren internationalen Unterstützern gemischte Reaktionen ausgelöst. Allerdings hat sich dieser Schritt über Jahre hinweg abgezeichnet und kommt für langjährige Beobachter der kurdischen Bewegung und Leser der Theorie des demokratischen #Konföderalismus von Abdullah Öcalan nicht überraschend. Die Wende hatte sich bereits vor Monaten angekündigt und bedeutet eine strategische Neuausrichtung, die einer umfassenderen Vision von Autonomie jenseits von #Staat, #Partei und bewaffnetem #Kampf entspricht.

Die PKK wurde 1978 gegründet und begann 1984 einen bewaffneten Kampf für die #Autonomie der Kurden. Die Türkei reagierte mit harter militärischer Unterdrückung, und beide Seiten verstrickten sich in einen blutigen Konflikt, der Jahrzehnte andauerte. Im Laufe dieses Krieges wurden zwischen 40.000 und 50.000 Menschen getötet, darunter #Zivilisten, PKK-Kämpfer, türkische #Soldaten, #Polizisten und #Dorfwächter. Die 1990er Jahre waren besonders brutal und geprägt von weit verbreiteten Dorfbränden, #Zwangsumsiedlungen von bis zu 3 Millionen Menschen und systematischen #Menschenrechtsverletzungen. Trotz mehrerer Versuche, einen #Waffenstillstand zu erreichen und #Friedensgespräche aufzunehmen, eskalierte die Gewalt immer wieder – #insbesondere nach dem Scheitern der #Verhandlungen im Jahr 2015, als erneute städtische Kämpfe in Städten wie Cizre und Sur zahlreiche Opfer forderten.

Seit der Festnahme von #Öcalan im Jahr 1999 hat sich die kurdische #Freiheitsbewegung allmählich von traditionellen Modellen des bewaffneten #Avantgardismus, des nationalistischen Statismus und der stalinistischen Rigidität abgewandt. Während die PKK ihre Streitkräfte – insbesondere in den Bergen des irakischen Kurdistans – aufrechterhielt, rückte in ihrer ideologischen Ausrichtung der soziale Wandel zunehmend vor die militärische Konfrontation.

Dieser Wandel fand seinen strukturellen Ausdruck in der Gründung der Union der Gemeinschaften Kurdistans (KCK) Anfang der 2000er Jahre: einem Dachverband von Organisationen mit dezentralem und horizontalem Charakter. Die #KCK umfasst ein breites Spektrum von Gemeinschaften, politischen #Parteien, #Bürgerinitiativen, Komitees und #Basisorganisationen in der Türkei, #Syrien, #Irak und #Iran. Sie ist ein bewusster Schritt weg vom starren, zentralisierten Modell der #Avantgardepartei hin zu einer vernetzten Struktur, die auf direkter Beteiligung und lokaler #Autonomie basiert.

In der Türkei ist die KCK politisch aktiv und koordiniert kulturelle, soziale und kommunale Initiativen. Sie hat erfolgreich Kommunalwahlen gewonnen und Kandidaten in Bürgermeisterämter gebracht. Der türkische Staat hat darauf mit anhaltender #Repression reagiert, darunter #Massenverhaftungen von mutmaßlichen „KCK-Mitgliedern“ in den letzten zehn Jahren.

In dieser neuen #Weltanschauung schrumpft der Raum für eine hierarchische Parteistruktur wie die PKK stetig. Öcalans Aufruf vom Februar 2025, die PKK offiziell aufzulösen, wurde von Vertretern der #Kongra-Gel, dem gesetzgebenden Organ der KCK, unterstützt, die behaupteten, dieser Schritt markiere den Beginn einer breiteren #Demokratiebewegung, die #Frauen, #Arbeiter und #Umweltaktivisten einbeziehe und damit besser mit dem Rahmenkonzept der Demokratischen Modernität im Einklang stehe.

Der demokratische Konföderalismus wurde zuerst innerhalb der PKK formuliert und dann – am deutlichsten sichtbar – in Rojava umgesetzt. Wo die PKK einst zur ethnischen Polarisierung innerhalb der Türkei und sogar unter den Kurden beitrug, betont das Rojava-Modell nun den Übergang zu Pluralität, #Feminismus und Dezentralisierung. Seit über einem Jahrzehnt widersteht die Region türkischen Invasionen, #ISIS-Offensiven, der Feindseligkeit des Regimes und der internationalen Vernachlässigung und treibt gleichzeitig die soziale und politische #Revolution voran. Wie die #Zapatisten, deren Einfluss in der gesamten Bewegung deutlich zu spüren ist, haben kurdische Kader die Idee des bewaffneten Kampfes neu definiert und entmystifiziert. Im Zentrum dieses Paradigmas steht die „#Jineologie“ – die „Wissenschaft der Frauen“ –, die die Befreiung der Frauen als Grundlage jedes sinnvollen revolutionären Prozesses betrachtet.

(...)

Weiterlesen in meiner Übersetzung des Beitrages: PKK dissolution: The long goodbye to vanguardism by Blade Runner, via freedomnews.org.uk vom 19. Mai 2025

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# DEIR EZZOR SECURITY OPERATIONS AND ISIS ACTIVITIES

After continued attacks on SDF checkpoints in eastern Deir Ezzor, SDF deployed additional forces to carry out a wider security operation. More than 10 ISIS linked individuals have been arrested after an extensive intelligence research, focused not just on sleeping cells, but targeting also networks of weapons and oil smuggling often connected with ISIS activities. Despite the defeat of the caliphate, insurgent activity of ISIS in the desert areas of central Syria continued. Since the collapse of the al-Assad regime, sunni fundamentalist groups are disappointed with the moderate politics of the transitional government of al-Sharaa. ISIS is exploiting those frustrations to recruit insurgents into their ranks, increasing their activities and expanding their networks. Syrian authorities also claim the arrest of an ISIS cell in Aleppo, as a reaction to a deadly attack of the fundamentalist group on a public security facility that resulted in the death of a security officer.

# TRUMP - AL-SHARAA MEETING IN SAUDI ARABIA

Trump announced in Riyadh that he will lift the sanctions on Syria, presenting it as “a new opportunity” for the Syrian government to restore stability. The declaration came during his speech at the Saudi-U.S. Investment Forum in Riyadh, where Trump is on a high-profile tour on middle east. After that announcement, a face to face meeting between Trump and al-Sharaa took place, together with Saudi Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Turkish President Erdoğan, who joined online. The White House announced their request for Syria to expel Palestinian terrorists groups and to join the Abraham agreements (agreements of normalization of relations between Israel and Arab nations). Another major request was for the Syrian government to assume full responsibility for ISIS detention centers of northeast Syria, currently under control of SDF. The previous request of US for lifting sanctions of removing foreign islamists from government positions was not mentioned. Al-Sharaa invited U.S. companies to invest in Syria’s oil and gas sectors.

# MORE HTS AND SNA APPOINTMENTS IN GOVERNMENT POSITIONS

The government of al-Sharaa continues to appoint important figures of HTS in key positions of the transitional government. This include Abdul Qader al Tahhan (Abu Bilal Quds) as Deputy Interior Minister for National Security Affairs, Hakim al Deiri (Dia al Din al Omar) as General Security Services (GSS) Director of Latakia Province and Muhammad Taha al Ahmad as Deputy Foreign Minister for Arab Affairs. Also this week a meeting with leading commanders of SNA was held nearby Serekaniye. They discussed about integration of different SNA groups in the new Syrian army, without requiring them to reform or restructure their forces. This brings important questions for the future of the M4 strip area between Serekaniye and Gire Spi, occupied by Turkish proxies since 2019. Thousands of families are waiting to return to their homes after they were expelled by the Turkish military operations more than 5 years ago.

# PKK CEASING ACTIVITIES

After a two day congress held in Irak, PKK announced that it will cease activities under such name and that the organization will disband. This statement follows the call of their imprisoned leader, Abdullah Öcalan, calling for a peace process and the resolution of the Kurdish question over political means. Turkish state welcomed the statement, but announced that it will continue its ground military operations on areas under control of PKK. Turkish President Erdoğan made declarations calling for the process of dissolution and disarmament to also involve the Syrian and European branches of the organization.

Mazloum Abdi, head of SDF, welcomed the announcement of PKK describing it as a “historic and courageous” decision, marking what he called a pivotal moment for politics and peace in the Middle East. “The PKK’s decision to dismantle its organizational structure, end the armed struggle, and adopt democratic politics based on the call of leader Abdullah Öcalan is commendable. We are confident this step will pave the way for a new phase of politics and peace in the region.”

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# EVALUATION

For more than six and a half months we have been reporting about the ongoing situation on Syria, with special focus on the development of the revolutionary process of north-East Syria. The region has been experiencing deep political changes and transformations, that we try to analyze combining the information that gets published with our experiences and sources on the ground.

We reached a point were this task is getting heavier for us, not being able to fully grasp the meaning of the unfolding events. In these circumstances, we consider it appropriate to re-evaluate our tasks and our role as anarchists in north-east Syria. We want to provide accurate evaluations, in line with our political perspectives and coherent with the principles of critical solidarity that characterize our vision of internationalism.

The implications of what we are witnessing stretches beyond what we expected. We need to be careful about what we share with you all, and we will need some time to reflect what is happening in the new Syria that is being made, what implications does it have for Kurdistan and for Middle east and how this will affect the rest of the world. Overall, we need to reflect what lessons we, as well as other revolutionary movements, can learn from this situation.

Revolutionary greetings

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# VISIT AL-SHARAA IN FRANCE

Al-Sharaa visited France to have a meeting with Emmanuel Macron. News reported Macron’s proposal to strengthen the cooperation of the new government with SDF in the fight against ISIS. In the press conference after the meeting, The French president congratulated the common efforts of Syria’s transitional government and the Syrian Democratic Forces that resulted in the agreements of the 10th of March, calling it “an important stage in Syria’s history”. Macron called for a continuation of "the gradual lifting of European economic sanctions" if the new Islamist authorities stabilize the country. He added that USA should follow the same path and also should, "as long as possible", not withdraw American troops from Syria.
Demonstrations organized by Syrian migrants took place in France to denounce the meeting with the former leader of HTS. This meeting happened a week after a declaration from the foreign affairs ministry condemning the massacres perpetuated on the Druze population of Suweida. The declaration urged the Damascus transitional government to take back the control of a situation caused by "outlawed groups".

# NEW APPOINTMENT IN DAMASCUS FORCES

On May 5th (Monday), Damascus transitional government appointed Ahmad al-Hays (Abu Hatem Shaqra) as new leader of the 86th division, responsible of security of the areas of Deir Ezzor, Raqqa and Hasaka. In 2018, he was implicated in the trafficking of Yazidi women and children and in recruiting former ISIS members. He is also responsible of the brutal murder of Hevrin Khalaf in 2019, who was the general secretary of the Future Syrian Party. Ahmad Al-Hayes is on the U.S. sanctions list accused of grave human rights abuses and links to the Islamic State (ISIS). A statement from the DAANES condemned the appointment. Kongra Star, the main structure of the women’s movement in Syria called for accountability, requiring the revocation of Al-Hays appointment and an apology to the family of Hevrin Khalef. On Thursday, the U.S. State Department strongly criticized the transitional Syrian government for this appointment in a press conference.

# CONTINUATION OF THE TENSIONS IN SUWEIDA

The tensions that started last week in the region of Suweida escalated. On thursday, forces connected to the military council of Suweida carried out an ambush on a car of the security forces of Damascus. The escalating violence pushed 300 students to be evacuated out from their university in emergency. Agreements are being made for Security forces of Damascus recently deployed in the area to withdraw, letting local police security forces from Suweida to take care of security. Different groups from the Druze community are calling for restraint and cooperation with Damascus government, while the military council of Suweida seems determined to fight for the defense of the Druze autonomy.

# VICTORY ON TISHREEN

The DAANES put an end to the rotations of civilians convoys going to Tirshin to support the SDF forces fighting. In the final statement of the last civilian convoy, victory was declared. The resistance of the dam stopped the attacks of turkish proxy forces, preventing the invasion of Kobane and further war against the DAANES territories. They remembered and thanked all those who gave their life in the defense of the dam, both civilians and military, as well as all those injured in the resistance.
Forces connected to the transitional government continue to be deployed in the surrounding villages, as SDF also continues reinforcing the region. For now, the military conflict is over, but clashes can restart in a near future if the negotiations don't reach satisfactory agreements for both sides.

# PKK 12TH CONGRESS

Between the 5th and the 7th of may, PKK held its 12th congress. Proposals and perspectives from Abdullah Ocalan were read and discussed, together with a report of the PKK Central Committee. PKK commemorated the martyrs of the revolution and called on "patriotic people and all democratic socialist forces to properly embrace and live in accordance with all the national and democratic values". They announced that more details about the the congress will be published in the coming days.

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# EVALUATION

The resistance in Tishreen declared victory over the attacks of Turkish proxies, concluding almost 4 months of civilian vigil. People from all territories of the DAANES, from Kobane to Deir Ezzor, joined this popular initiative to defend the dam and stop the enemy advance. The combination of military defense and civilian resistance is a clear example of how the revolutionary principles of this revolution are put in practice. It shows the will and determination of the people of North-East Syria, ready to fight to protect their land and defend the achievements of the revolution. It also shows the value of diversity of tactics, how different elements can combine and support each other if they share common revolutionary aims.

The appointment of Abu Hatem Shaqra as leader of the 86th division is bold decision that will have serious implications. The Damascus government making such appointment is an attempt to exercise power and demonstrate authority over North-East Syria, questioning SDF and the inhabitants of North eastern Syria. It is a direct and conscious provocation from a newly born authoritarian regime, that will for sure undermine the already challenging negotiation for integration of SDF in the new Syrian army. Abu Hatem Shaqra's connection to the turkish secret services is beyond question: he was the commander of a turkish backed group (Ahrar al-Sharqiya) and joined several meetings organized by the MIT during the Afrin war. For turkey, positioning SNA commanders like Abu Hatem Shaqra or Fahim Issa (nominated at the head of the ministry of defense of Syria a month ago) in the higher ranks of the new Syrian Army is a way to ensure influence and to guarantee the alignment of the new Syrian army with Turkish interests. His appointment also questions the US, which has his name on a terrorist list and already made statements condemning such decision.

The visit of al-Sharaa in France may seem a contradictory event, specially when UN and many French politicians opposed such a visit. The French president made special permission for him, allowing the head of the transitional government to visit Europe for the first time. For al-Sharaa, this trip is another step towards legitimacy, probably hoping that other European states will follow the French example, also gathering support for the EU to lift economic sanctions on Syria. The French president emphasized their wish for the Syrian transitional government to strengthen collaboration with SDF, knowing that many international ISIS fighters in NES prisons have French nationality. Discussions about the new Syrian government taking control of ISIS prisons, as Turkey already proposed, necessarily rings the alarms for many countries. Intelligence services all over the world are worried about the future of those experienced salafist militants, especially if the current islamist government takes control of those prisons. Even if we can't be sure about it, this was probably one of the main reasons that motivated French state to invite al-Shara.

News about the recent congress of PKK are also raising questions about what implications will it have not only for Syria, but for all parts of Kurdistan. As for now not much information is available on what agreements were reached in the congress, but it is expected that official statements will soon be published.

Revolutionary greetings!

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